了凡四训原文及翻译

《了凡四训》是明代袁黄（字坤仪，号了凡）所著的一部劝善书，全书由四个部分组成，分别是“立命之学”、“改过之法”、“积善之方”和“谦德之效”。这本书以作者自身的经历为基础，结合佛家、道家的思想，阐述了如何通过修身养性来改变命运的道理。

原文片段：

昔者，袁了凡先生初生时，其父见一异僧，谓曰：“此儿命当早亡。”了凡幼年丧父，母命继业读书。后遇云谷禅师，授以功过格，教其日省己身，记录善恶，以期改过迁善。了凡遵教奉行，终得长寿，并生子传宗接代。其子名天启，亦承父志，广施善行，家业兴旺。

翻译：

In the past, Master Yuan Liao Fan was told by an unusual monk when he was born that he would die young. Later in his childhood, he lost his father and was raised by his mother to continue studying. One day, he met Zen Master Yun Gu, who taught him how to use a record of merits and demerits to reflect on himself daily, aiming to correct mistakes and accumulate good deeds. Following the teachings, Yuan Liao Fan lived a long life, married, and had children to carry on the family line. His son, Tianqi, also followed in his father's footsteps, performing many charitable acts, leading to prosperity for the family.

文章

《了凡四训》不仅是一本关于个人修养的书籍，更是一部深刻探讨人生哲学的作品。它强调每个人都有能力通过自我反省和积极行动来改善自己的生活状况。书中提到的“功过格”是一种实用的心理工具，帮助人们客观地评估自己的行为，区分善与恶，从而激励自己向善。此外，《了凡四训》还提倡谦虚的态度，认为只有保持谦逊才能持续进步，避免骄傲自满带来的失败。

总之，《了凡四训》以其深刻的见解和实用的方法，指导读者如何在生活中实践道德准则，实现内心的平和与外在的成功。这本书至今仍然具有重要的现实意义，值得现代人学习和借鉴。